Inonu University
  • 15th km on Elazig Road, 44280 Battalgazi/Malatya, Türkiye
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Cupping Therapy

Traditional and Complementary Medicine Center

Cupping Therapy (Hijama)

English patient information translated from the center's source brochure.

Clinical warning: Wet cupping is a minor surgical intervention. The physician must decide whether and how it is appropriate. It must be performed by a physician or by health personnel under a physician's supervision.

About Cupping Therapy

Wet cupping (hijama) is the process of applying suction and making superficial skin incisions to remove a small amount of blood. The source brochure describes it as a traditional treatment method used in Islamic societies and elsewhere. Today it is performed using glass cups or vacuum sets.

Its legal basis in Türkiye is the Regulation on Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices, published in Official Gazette No. 29158 on 27 October 2014.

Before Treatment

  • If your physician approves, stop taking blood-thinning medicine 1–3 days before treatment.
  • Avoid foods that may have a blood-thinning effect, such as lemon, sweet cherry and sour cherry, when in season.
  • Avoid animal-derived foods (meat, milk, eggs, yogurt, cheese and butter) for 24 hours beforehand.
  • Avoid sexual activity for 24 hours beforehand.
  • Do not smoke for at least one hour before or after treatment.
  • Do not eat for at least two hours before your appointment.
  • Avoid strenuous activity before treatment.

After Treatment

  • Continue avoiding animal-derived foods for 1–2 days.
  • Do not sleep for 2–4 hours.
  • Walk for 15–30 minutes.
  • Do not eat or drink for at least two hours; after two hours, the brochure recommends water with vinegar or a honey drink.
  • Do not bathe for 12–24 hours.
  • Avoid strenuous activity on the day of treatment.
  • Avoid sexual activity for 24 hours.

Conditions in Which It May Be Used

It may be used as a supportive method in treatment for:

  • Support of the immune system in patients without an identified organic disorder.
  • Fibromyalgia and mechanical musculoskeletal pain.
  • Chronic pain, restricted joint movement, morning stiffness and fatigue associated with rheumatic disease.
  • Knee pain, including osteoarthritis.
  • Non-organic headaches such as migraine and tension-type headache.
  • Non-organic sleep disorders.
  • Nausea, vomiting and constipation related to digestive-system disorders.
  • Neuralgic pain.
  • Hiccups, fatigue and aphasia occurring after stroke.

When It Must Not Be Used

  • Thrombophlebitis, active wounds or surgical wounds.
  • Decompensated heart disease.
  • Anemia with hemoglobin below 9.5 g/dL.
  • Hemophilia or a history of bleeding/clotting disorders.
  • Use of antiaggregant (blood-thinning) medicines.
  • Directly over varicose (prominent) veins.

Mechanisms Described in the Source Brochure

  1. Removal of substances accumulated beneath the skin.
  2. Stimulation of lymphatic and blood circulation.
  3. Stimulation of acupuncture points.

This page is an English translation of the institution's existing Turkish patient-information brochure. It does not replace a physician's evaluation.